Greek Political Marketing Online

Abstract

The new communication system of interconnected computer networks is altering the nature of political communication in many innovative and significant ways. In Greece, the development of the Internet as a mass communication medium has a history of no more than five years, and it is far from being a fully fledged medium of political communication. With the exception of relatively few cases, the use of the Internet has been shown to increase during the pre-election campaign periods. This paper presents the results of a research project, which explores the personal Web sites of the Greek parliamentarians in an off-campaign period. The research was conducted through the systematic observation, examination, and analysis of a sample of personal Web pages owned by cross-party elected members of the Greek Parliament.     

从一起网站被入侵案件谈电子证据的获取

电子证据具有不同于其他证据的特征。掌握电子证据的独特性质,有助于在公共信息网络安全监察工作中解决和排除涉及电子证据的收集、审查、质证、采信等方面的困难和障碍。     

Aoristic Signatures and the Spatio-Temporal Analysis of High Volume Crime Patterns

The spatial analysis of crime and the current focus on hotspots has pushed the area of crime mapping to the fore, especially in regard to high volume offenses such as vehicle theft and burglary. Hotspots also have a temporal component, yet police recorded crime databases rarely record the actual time of offense as this is seldom known. Police crime data tends, more often than not, to reflect the routine activities of the victims rather than the offense patterns of the offenders. This paper demonstrates a technique that uses police START and END crime times to generate a crime occurrence probability at any given time that can be mapped or visualized graphically. A study in the eastern suburbs of Sydney, Australia, demonstrates that crime hotspots with a geographical proximity can have distinctly different temporal patterns.     

Crime Mapping and the Training Needs of Law Enforcement

This paper explores some of the more recent developments within crime mapping and the broader application of geographical information technology within law enforcement. The information technology (IT) revolution and the reduction in computing costs since the 1980s has brought a range of analytical tools within the budgets of most police services, and one of the most significant changes has been in the way that spatial data are handled. Law enforcement has strong geographic currents at all levels of the organisation, and this paper examines three applications of geographical information systems (GIS) within policing: hotspot mapping; CompStat; and geographic profiling. The paper concludes by discussing the future training needs using a simple model of intelligence-led crime reduction. This model suggests that training for managers to enable a greater understanding of the analyses presented to them, and how to use mapping to further crime prevention and reduction, may be as important as increasing the technical ability of crime analysts. The challenge for the immediate future of crime reduction practice in law enforcement is less to worry about the training of analysts, and more to address the inability of law enforcement management to understand and act on the crime analysis they are given.     

网络信息时代公安人才素质论纲——兼论公安教育的继承与超越

网络信息为我们的生活带来了方便、快捷,但另一方面也带来了新的犯罪问题。为此,培养一批符合时代特征的新型公安人才显得尤为迫切和重要。网络信息时代公安人才应该具备优良的主体品格、网络状的知识结构和复合型的实践能力。为了培养这样的公安人才,网络信息时代公安教育要实现对自己的继承与超越:在教育理念上,开放性与包容性并重;在课程设置上,满足网络信息时代的多元需要;在教学模式上,联通社会,灵活多样。     

Web2.0环境下高校图书采访工作研究

Web2.0对高校图书采访工作的启示是,图书采访工作要由传统的"以资源为中心"的单向作业,向"以用户为中心"的双向交流转变。Web2.0环境下图书采访与传统采访工作在工作中心、用户角色、用户参与度、与用户交流方式等方面有很大不同,图书馆要在"用户为王"时代生存和发展,应更新观念,注重用户参与,运用RSS技术订制和推送新书信息,建立有效的互动与交流平台。     

Social Media Use in Local Government: An Australian Perspective

Social media offers governments extensive opportunities to engage with citizens, particularly at the local level. This study investigates the issues that local governments face in implementing social media initiatives. It builds on existing literature by using an interpretive approach to examine the perceptions of public employees and elected officials of local councils in an Australian context. The article reports on the issues that inhibit a move to a more interactive use of social media and examines how these may be addressed. Implications for research and practice are given.     

Civic Engagement,Pedagogy, and Information Technology on Web Sites for Youth

Scholars of political socialization are paying increasing attention to how the Internet might help cure the civic disengagement of youth. This content analysis of a sample of 73 U.S.-based civic Web sites for youth introduces a framework for evaluating Web sites' strategies for fostering active communication for citizenship. We offer the first systematic assessment of the extent to which a broad range of Web sites aim to develop young people's abilities to use information and communication technology (ICT) as a vehicle for civic participation and to engage with ICT as a policy domain that encompasses issues (such as freedom of speech and intellectual property rights) that shape the conditions for popular sovereignty online. The study finds low levels of interactive features (such as message boards) that allow young people to share editorial control by offering their own content. In addition, few sites employ active pedagogical techniques (such as simulations) that research suggests are most effective at developing civic knowledge, skills, and participation. We also find little attention to ICT policy issues, which could engage budding citizens in debates over the formative conditions for political communication in the information age. We conclude with suggestions for civic Web site designers and hypotheses for user studies to test.     

The transnationalization of the extreme right and the use of the Internet

Like many other political actors, the extreme right is currently expanding beyond national borders, and, as with any civil society organization, the Internet is assuming a growing role in achieving this goal. To date, however, this topic is understudied. In this article, aiming to empirically filling this gap, we shall explore the new tactics of the extreme right in Europe and the USA in the context of transnational politics. Namely, we investigate the degree and forms of extreme right transnationalization (in terms of mobilization, issues, targets, action strategies, and organizational contacts) and the potential role of the Internet in these developments. The analysis combines qualitative and quantitative data derived from 54 interviews with representatives of extreme right organizations in six European countries (Austria, France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, and Spain) and the USA with a formalized Web content analysis of 336 right-wing websites. We will compare different types of right-wing groups which compose the radical right family (from political parties to associations), underlining the main differences and similarities across groups and across countries.     

TRIPS协议保护地理标志规范评析

《TRIPS协议》是地理标志国际保护的一个里程碑,是第一个拥有150个签署方并规定最低保护标准的国际协议,也是第一个对GIs保护问题规定得最全面的国际条约。其第5部分规定适用高效的WTO争端解决机制来解决地理标志国际保护方面的争端,允许进行交叉报复。通过第71条定期审核和第23条关于协商的规定,给予协议的实施和发展以有效的监督,并预留了空间。《TRIPS协议》第3部分为地理标志权利人规定了获得救济的多种途径。对协议条款不允许提出保留,从而加强了协议的拘束力和实施效果。该协议是对其前地理标志国际保护公约成就的继承,也是对以往相关公约缺陷的弥补。《TRIPS协议》自身的缺陷包括协议保护范围的不确定性和例外、成员方的自由裁量权及对地理标志跨国争议案件裁决结果的不确定性。因此,TRIPS协议仍有许多用语和难题需要澄清和解决。